The education system in Turkey is structured around a 12-year curriculum divided into three stages of four years each.
Kindergartens, known as “KREŞ” in Turkey, typically start around the age of three, although private kindergartens cater to infants as young as one year old.
Following kindergarten, children enter the preschool education stage, known as “ANAOKUL,” which is designed for children aged four to six. However, it is interesting to note that Turkish children begin school at the age of 5.5, which is equivalent to 66 months.
The first educational block is the primary school, called “ILKOKUL,” covering grades 1 to 4. In this stage, a single teacher instructs all subjects, and grades are not assigned until the 4th grade. The primary goal is to facilitate students’ adaptation to school life, foster their understanding of the world around them, and encourage socialization with their peers.
The second block is the middle school, referred to as “ORTA OKUL,” encompassing grades 5 to 8. Secondary education in Turkey is compulsory. In middle school, students have different subject teachers, a grading system is introduced, and a mandatory national exam is conducted at the end of the 8th grade to determine admission to high school.
The third block is the high school, known as “LISE,” comprising grades 9 to 12. High schools in Turkey can specialize in various fields, such as natural sciences, humanities, and vocational education. This means that many high school graduates already possess professional skills.
Universities in Turkey not only rank among the top worldwide, but also offer a wide range of educational programs lasting from 2 to 6 years, taught in Turkish and English. Additionally, they provide master’s and doctoral programs. Students also have the opportunity to participate in student exchange programs and gain experience abroad.
Foreign students can enroll in Turkish universities based on their high school diplomas, internal exams, English and Turkish language certificates, or the YÖS exam, depending on the requirements of the chosen university and faculty.
The education system in Turkey continues to actively develop and offer diverse opportunities for students of all age groups. It is essential to note that the Turkish education system is geared towards preparing young individuals for successful careers and future accomplishments.
