GCC Citizens Buy Property in Oman: Rules, Limits and Costs

GCC Citizens Buy Property in Oman: Rules, Limits and Costs

This guide was checked on 24 October 2026 and explains how GCC citizens buy property in Oman: the separate legal route that Saudi, Emirati, Kuwaiti, Qatari and Bahraini nationals use, how it differs from the freehold zones open to other foreigners, and what the Ministry of Housing and Urban Planning says about conditions, fees and timing. It draws on the ministry’s service page on gov.om, the Ministry’s statement of late June 2026, Royal Decree 29/2018 and its regulations, a law-firm summary of Royal Decree 21/2004, statistics from the National Centre for Statistics and Information (NCSI), and the prices and terms on our own listing pages.

By the end you will know which text governs a GCC buyer, which places are excluded, what the four-year rule for vacant land means in dates, how entry to Oman works for a GCC passport or ID holder, how the Empty Quarter road and the UAE crossings fit into a viewing trip, and how to convert riyal and dirham budgets into Omani rials using the dollar pegs. All Omani prices are shown in rials with US dollars in brackets, at the peg of 2.6008 dollars to the rial, and every price is the figure on the cited listing page on 24 October 2026.

What the GCC Route Means in Practice

Oman does not let non-Omanis buy property everywhere. The Ministry of Housing and Urban Planning said at the end of June 2026 that foreign ownership has not been opened to all areas of the Sultanate, and that foreign nationals may own only in designated places: integrated tourism complexes (ITCs), future cities such as Sultan Haitham City, Al Thuraya City and Al Jabal Al Aali, and integrated neighbourhoods such as the Surooh programme. In the same statement, as reported by Gulf News, the ministry said that citizens of the Gulf Cooperation Council countries remain subject to separate GCC agreements, and that their ownership is governed by those agreements and Omani regulations for approved areas.

That sentence is the starting point for everything below. When GCC citizens buy property in Oman they do not use the foreign-buyer map of ITCs, special zones and designated neighbourhoods as their primary route. They use a national-treatment arrangement, built on a royal decree that implements the GCC economic agreement, and they apply to the same ministry through a different service. The practical effect is that a Saudi family looking for a house in a residential area outside a resort community is asking a different legal question from a European buyer looking at an apartment in a licensed ITC, even when both are standing in the same sales office.

The term “GCC citizen” matters. The route is for citizens of the six member states, and the ministry’s service page, discussed below, is addressed to citizens, not to residents of Gulf countries who hold another passport. A British or Indian national living in Dubai or Riyadh is a foreigner for Omani ownership purposes and follows the foreign-buyer rules set out in our guide to whether foreigners can buy property in Oman.

The Legal Basis: Royal Decree 21/2004 and the Ministry Service

The text most often cited for the GCC regime is Royal Decree 21/2004, the law regulating the ownership of real estate by GCC nationals in the member states for the purposes of residence and investment. A 2014 note on the Curtis Oman Law Blog describes it as implementing Article 3 of the GCC economic agreement, which gives a citizen of any member state national treatment in the others, including the right to own real estate. According to that summary, Article 1 gives GCC nationals the right to lease and own built-up property and land for residence and investment in the manner set by Omani law, and companies qualify only if they are fully owned by GCC nationals. The decree also leaves the State free to expropriate for public use with fair compensation, and to prohibit ownership or use of land in certain areas.

The decree reappears in the preamble of Royal Decree 29/2018, the law on the prohibition of ownership of land and real estate by non-Omanis in certain places, according to the decree.om database. That law was issued on 11 November 2018, published in Official Gazette 1268 on 18 November 2018 and came into force the next day. The database page shows the preamble and four short operative articles.

The operational side sits with the Ministry of Housing and Urban Planning. Its service “Own Real Estate in the Sultanate of Oman” on the government portal gov.om is described as enabling citizens of the GCC countries to own real estate in Oman. It starts from a personal account, is available only to GCC citizens over 21 years of age, and runs through three steps: submitting the request, reviewing it and approving it. The next sections set out what that page and the other sources say, in the order a buyer meets the questions.

How GCC Citizens Differ from Other Foreign Buyers

The differences are easiest to see side by side. The left-hand column below follows the ministry service page and the Curtis summary; the right-hand column follows the foreign-buyer rules summarised in our guides, which in turn rely on Royal Decree 12/2006 for ITCs and on the ministry’s June 2026 statement for the designated areas. Our article on Omani property foreigners cannot buy explains the three-question test that foreign buyers use.

Two rows deserve a comment. First, the property-linked residence permits that dominate foreign-buyer guides, Golden Residency and the Owner Visa, are not part of the GCC route: they were written for foreign owners, and the entry question for a GCC citizen is answered by the visa exemption discussed later. Second, the GCC route is not limited to resort communities. A GCC citizen can still buy inside an ITC or in a project that a developer sells to all nationalities, and many do so for convenience, but those purchases follow the developer’s sale and purchase agreement rather than being the only door open.

Where GCC Citizens Buy Property in Oman and Where They Cannot

The sources agree that the GCC route has limits. The Oman Observer reported in December 2018, from a Ministry of Housing report, that GCC nationals may own residential, commercial and industrial property but not agricultural land, and that the ministry does not accept applications for land near border areas, on islands or at sensitive security sites, nor for the prohibited areas. The same report said a royal decree bars non-Omanis from owning real estate in Musandam, Al Buraimi, Al Dhahirah, Al Wusta, Dhofar (except Salalah), Liwa, Shinas, Masirah, Jabal Al Akhdar and Jabal Shams, together with mountains and islands near strategic or military sites and certain archaeological areas.

The prohibited places in Royal Decree 29/2018

A law-firm summary of the regulations (Ministerial Decision 292/2020) from CMS lists the places where non-Omanis cannot own: the governorates of Dhofar (except Salalah), Musandam, Buraimi, Ad Dhahirah and Al Wusta; the wilayats of Liwa, Shinas and Musairah; Jebel Al Akhdar, Jebel Shams and other strategic mountains set by the competent authority; all Omani islands; property within 1,000 metres of the walls of a royal palace; property within 500 metres of security or military bodies; and archaeological sites set by the authority. Agricultural land is prohibited for non-Omanis in every governorate, and the prohibition does not apply inside an integrated tourism complex. For the GCC position this guide relies on the ministry’s own report quoted above.

What this means for a buyer

For a Saudi or Kuwaiti buyer the map therefore looks like this. Muscat, the Batinah governorates, Ad Dakhiliyah, the Sharqiyah governorates and Salalah are outside the prohibited list, so the ministry’s exclusion does not apply there. Musandam, Buraimi, Dhahirah, Wusta and Dhofar outside Salalah are on the prohibited list, so the ministry does not take applications there. Our guides to Musandam, Muscat versus Salalah and Sohar describe those places for the foreign-buyer market. Land in a garden or farm plot that carries an agricultural designation is excluded everywhere.

The four-year rule for vacant land

The most concrete condition on the gov.om page concerns land. It states that land cannot be sold or invested in for four years, and that if vacant land is sold within four years of purchase, at least one building must have been built on it. The Curtis summary of Royal Decree 21/2004 describes the same clock from the other side: undeveloped land must be developed within four years of registration in the GCC owner’s name, disposal of vacant land before development needs the competent authority’s approval, and if the land is not developed the State may recover it, compensating the owner with the lesser of the land’s value at registration or its value at the time of recovery. The owner can complain to the competent authority, which may extend the period for reasons it accepts.

In dates: a plot registered on 24 October 2026 would have a development deadline of 24 October 2030, and a sale before that date would need the building to exist. For comparison, an ITC plot bought by a foreign owner carries a build-within-four-years rule with an extension of up to two years under the ITC regime, as described in our guide to freehold property in Oman.

The Application: Steps, Fees and Timing

The gov.om service page gives a compact procedure. The buyer signs in with a personal account, submits the request with identity documents and documents issued by the ministry, pays a submission fee, and waits for review and approval. The page gives a 10-day timeline for the service and shows a request submission fee of OMR 5 (about $13), paid on the ministry’s Amlak platform, with the overall cost of the service listed as varying.

The submission fee is not the cost of the purchase. Three other charges sit around it. The registration fee on a sale was cut from 5 per cent to 3 per cent of the asset’s value by a ministerial decision reported by the Oman Observer on 8 November 2020; a January 2025 revision reported by Arabian Business halved a related registration fee for Omani individuals and companies from 2 per cent to 1 per cent. A buyer taking a new unit from a developer faces value added tax at 5 per cent on the first supply of residential property, according to KPMG’s summary of the Oman Tax Authority’s real estate guide, whereas resale of residential property is exempt. And developers charge owners’ association fees, discussed in our article on service charges in Oman real estate.

Title registration itself has been modernised. Royal Decree 56/2026, in force from 18 May 2026 and replacing the 1998 framework, gives electronic registers and title deeds legal recognition, creates a preliminary register for off-plan units and allows registration in the names of non-Omani individuals and legal entities subject to the laws that regulate non-Omani ownership, according to the Trowers & Hamlins summary. The deeper mechanics are covered in our sibling article on property registration in Oman. Royal Decree 79/2025 governs off-plan sales, including escrow, and our guide to Oman Real Estate Law 79/2025 explains it; one listing below refers to it.

Entry, Stay and Residency for a GCC Visitor

Before GCC citizens buy property in Oman, most make a viewing trip, and a GCC citizen who flies in or drives in meets a different border process from other nationalities. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs states on its entry visas page that citizens of GCC countries do not require visas to enter Oman. The Muscat Airport immigration page adds that GCC citizens holding a valid government-issued National ID card do not need a passport, that all other international visitors need a visa, that immigration counters 1 to 4 in the arrivals hall can be used by GCC nationals, and that residents of GCC countries may be eligible for visa on arrival where applicable. The Royal Oman Police manages visa processing for visitors.

The two residence permits that fill foreign-buyer guides do not decide whether a GCC citizen can visit a property. Golden Residency requires a single ITC property worth at least OMR 200,000 ($520,160) and is decided by the Royal Oman Police. The Owner Visa, created by Royal Oman Police Decision 87/2026 in Official Gazette 1653 of 21 June 2026, is sponsor-free, has no minimum property value and is tied to ownership; the Oman Observer reported on 25 June 2026 that it is valid for six months to one year, renewable, that each entry allows a stay of up to three months, and that it ends when the unit’s title is transferred. Our comparison of Golden Residency and the Owner Visa sets them side by side. The Ministry of Housing said that the residency amendments concern residency only and do not change the rules on ownership.

Reaching Your Property by Road from Saudi Arabia and the UAE

For Gulf buyers a viewing trip is often a drive. The Empty Quarter road between Saudi Arabia and Oman opened on 8 December 2021. The Oman Observer reported its length as 725 kilometres: 161 kilometres on the Omani side from the Ibri roundabout in Al Dhahirah governorate to the Empty Quarter crossing, and 564 kilometres on the Saudi side from the Batha intersection to the crossing. Passenger movement runs 24 hours a day and commercial trucks run from 8 am to 5 pm; the Royal Oman Police activated its operations at the crossing. Saudipedia describes the Saudi crossing as the only land crossing between the Kingdom and Oman, adjacent on the Omani side to the Ramlat Khaylah crossing, with a passenger area that handles 1,700 vehicles a day.

From the UAE the crossings are older. Khaleej Times, in a guide published in May 2024, names Hatta to Al Wajajah as the most used route from Dubai, about 140 kilometres away and taking 1.5 to 2 hours, and Meyzad to Hafeet near Al Ain as the option for southern Oman, about 180 kilometres from Abu Dhabi and 160 kilometres from Dubai. Dibba and Al Darrah serve Musandam. The document list in that article is written for UAE residents and includes the car registration card and an insurance certificate valid in Oman, known as an Orange Card; the vehicle items concern the car, not the passenger. The article also mentions an exit fee of 35 dirhams at the UAE checkpoint. Details change, and the 2024 article should be read as a snapshot.

The distances show why the Empty Quarter road matters for Saudi buyers: the Omani leg alone is 161 kilometres to Ibri, which sits in Al Dhahirah, a governorate on the prohibited list. A viewing trip that starts in Ibri and ends in Muscat is therefore a trip through an area where the ministry does not take GCC applications to a destination where it does.

Paying When GCC Citizens Buy Property in Oman: Riyals, Dirhams and the Peg

Three currencies in this transaction are pegged to the US dollar. The Omani rial has been held at 2.6008 dollars since 1986, according to the peg summary that cites the Central Bank of Oman’s 2014 annual report. The Saudi riyal is held at 3.75 per dollar; Saudi Central Bank governor Fahad Al Mubarak said in 2018, as reported by Gulf News, that the aim is to stabilise the riyal at that rate. The Cbonds page for the Central Bank of the UAE rate shows the dirham at 3.6725 per dollar. Because all three are fixed to the same anchor, a riyal or dirham budget converts into rials at a constant cross rate; our article on the Omani rial peg and your property purchase explains what that does and does not protect.

The arithmetic runs in two steps. To convert rials into riyals, multiply by 2.6008 to get dollars and then by 3.75: 2.6008 × 3.75 = 9.7530 riyals per rial. For dirhams, 2.6008 × 3.6725 = 9.5514 dirhams per rial. Going the other way, 100,000 riyals divide by 9.7530 to give OMR 10,253, and 100,000 dirhams divide by 9.5514 to give OMR 10,470. The Golden Residency threshold, OMR 200,000, equals $520,160, SAR 1,950,600 or AED 1,910,288.

A payment plan shows how the cross rate works across instalments. Yenaier Residences in Sultan Haitham City, developed by Adanté Realty, lists a studio from $174,800 (OMR 67,210) under a “Phase 2 Cash” plan of 5 per cent on booking, 25 per cent within 30 days of signing the sale and purchase agreement, 30 per cent within 12 months and 40 per cent on completion, per our listing page. Applied to OMR 67,210, the instalments and their riyal equivalents at 9.7530 are as follows.

The rows are rounded to the nearest riyal; the exact total, 67,210 × 9.7530 = SAR 655,499, agrees with $174,800 × 3.75 = SAR 655,500 within rounding. If the quoted price excluded value added tax, 5 per cent of OMR 67,210 would add OMR 3,360.50 (SAR 32,775) on the first supply; the instalment table above is on the quoted price. Hay Al Wafa, also in Sultan Haitham City, uses a simpler shape: 20 per cent on booking and 80 per cent over 36 months. On the entry apartment at OMR 65,600 ($170,600), that is OMR 13,120 (SAR 127,959) at booking and OMR 52,480 over 36 months, or about OMR 1,457.78 (SAR 14,218) a month if paid monthly. For how funds move from Gulf accounts into Oman, see our article on transferring money to Oman for property purchases and the guide to opening a bank account in Oman.

Our Listings Compared for a GCC Buyer

A GCC citizen can look at projects that developers sell to all nationalities. The table below lists projects from our pages with their entry prices converted at the pegs. It does not rank them, and being freehold to all nationalities on a listing page is a different statement from the ministry approving a particular GCC application.

Reading the table: the Azha apartments in Sarooj Oasis are the lowest entry price and, per our page, form part of a 210-unit development whose payments are held in a project escrow account referenced under Royal Decree 79/2025. Hay Al Wafa lists a service charge of OMR 300 to 500 a year ($780 to $1,300), which at the pegs is SAR 2,926 to 4,877 or AED 2,865 to 4,776; its townhouses start at $263,200 (about OMR 101,200) and its villas at $629,400 (about OMR 242,000). Yenaier lists a studio service charge of OMR 3 to 4 per square metre per year, so a studio of 920 square feet (about 85.5 square metres) would pay about OMR 256 to 342 a year. The Yiti page lists no service charge for the first five years on apartments and none on villas. Al Ahlam’s entry villa is priced at about OMR 190,000 per our page, below the Golden Residency threshold, and its service charge is quoted per villa by the developer.

The villa price ladder in these projects is explained in our article on villa versus apartment in Oman, and the neighbourhood context for four of the five listings is in the Sultan Haitham City guide. Our price per square metre ranking compares dozens of projects on one measure, and the developers directory lists the companies behind them. For a buyer weighing a purchase against renting, the sibling article on rent versus buy in Oman sets out the arithmetic.

Surooh and Other Citizen-Only Schemes

The topic that most often confuses buyers when GCC citizens buy property in Oman is the government neighbourhood programme. The Oman Observer reported in May 2025 that the Ministry of Housing and Urban Planning runs the Sorouh initiative to build integrated residential neighbourhoods with comprehensive services, names citizens as its beneficiaries, and counts 18 integrated residential projects, more than 6 million square metres and more than 9,950 housing units, delivered with local private developers. The Ministry’s June 2026 statement lists integrated neighbourhoods such as Surooh among the places where foreigners may own, which shows how project-by-project the rules are.

Husn Al Zain in Bidbid is the clearest example in our portfolio. Our listing page describes it as a Surooh programme development by Zain Property Development: 639 homes in Ad Dakhiliyah, of which 418 are standalone villas and 221 are townhouses, with the entry townhouse (Villa O, 173 m2) at OMR 47,485 ($123,500), a handover target of the fourth quarter of 2027, and a brochure describing the housing as for citizens entitled to residential land. The page says that Bidbid has no ITC designation and that eligibility follows the programme rules and is confirmed in writing by the developer before any payment. Converted at the pegs, the entry price is SAR 463,125 or AED 453,554.

The price per square foot is the clue. Husn Al Zain works out at about $66 per square foot, against $100 at Hay Al Wafa, which our page presents as freehold for all nationalities. The gap is wide, and the lower-priced entry is the one aimed at citizens. The Surooh eligibility statement reads the same way for every buyer: it is the programme’s own condition, applied project by project. Hay Al Wafa, offered to all nationalities, is the documented exception; our guide to the Sultan Haitham City projects and ownership rules covers it.

Taxes and Charges After the Purchase

After GCC citizens buy property in Oman, three items follow the title deed: value added tax at the point of sale, personal income tax on rent from 2028, and the annual service charge. VAT on the first supply of residential property is 5 per cent and resale is exempt, per the KPMG summary of the Oman Tax Authority guide; zero-rating may apply to property in special zones if the conditions are met. Our guide to property tax in Oman covers VAT and the registration fee in more detail.

Oman’s personal income tax starts on 1 January 2028 under Royal Decree 56/2025, which was issued on 22 June 2025 and published in the Official Gazette on 30 June 2025, according to EY. The rate is 5 per cent on annual income above OMR 42,000 (about $109,000). A tax resident is someone present in Oman for more than 183 days in a tax year, and non-residents are taxed only on income earned in Oman. EY’s summary lists leasing income and gains from disposing of real estate among taxable sources, and among its exemptions the sale of a primary or secondary residence and income earned abroad. The law is framed around tax residence and the source of income, not around passports, so a GCC owner who rents out a flat in Muscat should read the rules by residence and source like any other owner; the executive regulations that fix the mechanics were still awaited at the date of our latest check. Our article on renting out your Oman property from abroad and the Vision 2040 overview give context.

A short worked example shows the scale of the 2028 threshold. A landlord with annual rent of OMR 6,000 (SAR 58,518, AED 57,309) is well below OMR 42,000, so on that income alone no 5 per cent charge arises; a portfolio generating OMR 50,000 a year would exceed the threshold, and the charge would apply to the amount above OMR 42,000 if that reading of the law is confirmed, which is OMR 8,000 × 5% = OMR 400. EY’s note describes net income as the amount of gross income exceeding OMR 42,000; other advisers describe the threshold differently, which is why the example uses the simplest reading and ends there.

The annual service charge depends on the project, and it is the cost most often left out of headline comparisons. Our sibling article on electricity and water bills in Oman property and the guide to buyer rights when a developer delays cover two other costs and risks a buyer should price in.

How Many GCC Citizens Buy Property in Oman

The statistics on how many GCC citizens buy property in Oman come from the National Centre for Statistics and Information, which reports title deeds by buyer group. Times of Oman reported on 4 May 2026 that 225 title deeds were issued to GCC citizens by the end of March 2026, down 45.9 per cent from 416 a year earlier, while total title deeds fell 17.3 per cent from 55,378 to 45,789. A June 2026 report republished by IFP Group, crediting Arabian Business, gave 317 deeds to GCC citizens in the first four months of 2026 against 529 a year earlier, a fall of 40.1 per cent, with all title deeds down 10.8 per cent from 73,432 to 65,530.

Those shares are our own division of the reported numbers: 317 ÷ 65,530 = 0.48 per cent, or roughly one deed in 200. The sources do not explain the fall, and this article does not offer a reason. For context on the mix of buyers, older ministry data are available. A Gulf News report updated in 2018 gave 3,521 properties owned by GCC nationals in 2013: Kuwaitis 1,850 (52.5 per cent), Emiratis 1,211 (34.4 per cent), Qataris 261 (7.4 per cent), Bahrainis 117 (3.3 per cent) and Saudis 82 (2.3 per cent), with North Al Batinah at 1,615 (45.9 per cent) and Dhofar at 494 (14.0 per cent). The Oman Observer’s breakdown of title deeds issued to GCC nationals in November 2018 read Kuwait 54, the UAE 45, Qatar 12, Bahrain 2 and Saudi Arabia 2, which sums to 115 in one month. Both datasets pre-date the Empty Quarter road and the 2025-2026 rule changes, so they describe history, not the current mix.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can GCC citizens buy property in Oman without going through an ITC?

Yes, according to the Ministry of Housing and Urban Planning, which said in June 2026 that GCC citizens remain subject to separate GCC agreements and that their ownership is governed by those agreements and Omani regulations for approved areas. GCC citizens buy property in Oman through the ministry’s GCC service on gov.om, and projects in ITCs are also open to them.

Which royal decree governs GCC ownership in Oman?

Royal Decree 21/2004 is the text cited by the Curtis law-firm summary and by the preamble of Royal Decree 29/2018 on the decree.om database. It implements national treatment under the GCC economic agreement for residence and investment.

What is the minimum age for a GCC buyer?

The gov.om service is provided to GCC citizens over 21 years of age. For GCC citizens under 21, the title deed must be shared with the mother or father at purchase.

Does a GCC buyer need a visa or residency to view property?

No visa is needed: the Ministry of Foreign Affairs states that citizens of Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the UAE do not require visas to enter Oman, and Muscat Airport says a valid government-issued National ID card is accepted in place of a passport. GCC citizens buy property in Oman without needing Golden Residency, which requires a single ITC property worth at least OMR 200,000 decided by the Royal Oman Police.

Can a GCC citizen buy in Musandam, Dhofar or Buraimi?

The Ministry of Housing report quoted by the Oman Observer in December 2018 said applications are not accepted for the prohibited areas, which include Musandam, Al Buraimi, Al Dhahirah, Al Wusta and Dhofar outside Salalah. Salalah is outside that list, so buyers looking at the south can read our Khareef season guide and the Hawana Salalah guide.

How long does the GCC application take and what does it cost?

The gov.om page shows a 10-day timeline and an OMR 5 ($13) submission fee paid on the Amlak platform. Other costs, such as registration fees and VAT on a first sale of a new unit, are separate and depend on the transaction.

How do I convert Saudi riyals or UAE dirhams into rials for a payment plan?

Multiply the rial amount by 9.7530 for riyals or by 9.5514 for dirhams, because the rial is held at 2.6008 dollars, the riyal at 3.75 per dollar and the dirham at 3.6725 per dollar. A price of $174,800 (OMR 67,210), for example, equals SAR 655,500 and AED 641,953 at the pegs, before any bank spread, so GCC citizens buy property in Oman with the conversion fixed at those rates.

Are Surooh homes open to GCC citizens?

The Surooh programme is described by the Oman Observer as serving citizens, and our Husn Al Zain page says the brochure targets citizens entitled to residential land. The Ministry’s June 2026 statement lists integrated neighbourhoods such as Surooh among the places foreigners may own, so eligibility is decided project by project, as in the Hay Al Wafa case.

Is there a limit on how many properties a GCC citizen can own?

The gov.om page says GCC citizens may own more than one residential land plot, with one exception: UAE citizens of Omani origin may buy only one property and another only if they prove permitted business with the first.

Will the 2028 income tax apply to rent earned by a GCC owner?

Royal Decree 56/2025 starts a 5 per cent tax on individual income above OMR 42,000 on 1 January 2028, with residents taxed on a wider base and non-residents on income earned in Oman, per EY. The tax follows residence and source of income, and the executive regulations will fix the details. Our guide to whether British citizens can buy property in Oman and the sibling article on buying Oman property through a company show the other side of the same rules.

Last checked: 24 October 2026. Sources: gov.om, Own Real Estate in the Sultanate of Oman; Gulf News, Oman clarifies foreign property ownership rules (June 2026); Curtis Oman Law Blog, GCC nationals and entities (2014); decree.om, Royal Decree 29/2018; CMS, Ownership of lands by non-Omanis; Oman Observer, Kuwaitis top list of GCC land owners; Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Entry visas; Muscat Airport, Immigration and visa; Oman Observer, Oman-KSA road opening; Saudipedia, Empty Quarter border crossing; Khaleej Times, UAE to Oman by car; Times of Oman, real estate trading value (May 2026); IFP Group, Oman real estate transactions (June 2026); Trowers & Hamlins, Oman’s new Real Estate Register Law; Oman Observer, property-linked visas (June 2026); Oman Observer, real estate transaction fees reduced (2020); LexisNexis, Oman revamps real estate fees (2025); KPMG, Oman Tax Authority VAT guide on real estate; EY, Oman personal income tax from 2028; Oman Observer, Sorouh housing model (2025); Gulf News, GCC nationals rush to buy property in Oman; Gulf News, Saudi central bank on the dollar peg; Cbonds, USD/AED Central Bank of the UAE; Omani rial peg summary citing the Central Bank of Oman.